{"id":343,"date":"2012-06-21T10:33:07","date_gmt":"2012-06-21T14:33:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rossweb.bus.umich.edu\/academics\/academics\/bba-grading-scales-distribution\/"},"modified":"2026-02-16T11:08:07","modified_gmt":"2026-02-16T16:08:07","slug":"bba-grading-scales-distribution","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/rossweb.bus.umich.edu\/academics\/bba-grading-scales-distribution\/","title":{"rendered":"BBA: Grading Scales &amp; Distribution"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:28px\"><strong>Grading System\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Grades are recorded by letter, but grade points are used to compute averages. Letter grades and the corresponding number of grade points for each hour of semester credit are as follows:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A+ = 4.00<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A = 4.000<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A- = 3.700<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>B+ = 3.300<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>B = 3.000<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>B- = 2.700<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>C+ = 2.300<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>C = 2.000<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>C- = 1.700<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>D+ = 1.300<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>D = 1.000<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>D- = 0.700<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>E = 0.000<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>F, NR, X, I, Y = 0.000<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A notation of P, F, CR, NC, S, U, Y, ##, or a missing grade does not affect a student\u2019s term or cumulative grade point average.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>No credit toward satisfaction of degree requirements is granted for courses in which grades of E, ED, F, I, Y, X and NR are received. Courses elected under the Pass\/Fail, credit\/no-credit and satisfactory\/unsatisfactory policies are not considered in computing grade point averages.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:28px\"><strong>Course Grading Distribution<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The Dean\u2019s Office and Faculty have set the following guidelines for grades issued in our undergraduate business classes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Current BBA students earn credit toward degree requirements with any grade of D- or higher while in the Ross School of Business, although lower grades may cause the GPA to fall below satisfactory levels. This includes business and non-business courses, as long as the courses are not restricted from credit by other policies.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/rossweb.bus.umich.edu\/academics\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/06\/2025_ross-grade-distribution.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Grade Distribution Guidelines PDF<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ross.mediasite.com\/mediasite\/Play\/c2fa1a9ec88f4a42858707622c5ef1461d\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Ross Grade Distribution Video (5min 6sec)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A grade of E&nbsp;carries no credit; the course must be repeated only if it is a required course.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>All BBA core classes grades are to be distributed as: \u226440% A- or above; \u226490% B or above; \u226510% B-or below.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In BBA elective classes grades are to be distributed as: \u226460% A- or above; \u226490% B or above; \u226510% B- or below.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>NOTES:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>For courses with multiple sections, instructors should use their judgment as to whether grade distributions are best applied within each section or overall for all their sections of a given course.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Core course coordinators and core instructors will work together to achieve consistency in grading policies used by faculty teaching the same course.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A+ grades are considered extraordinary and, if used at all, are reserved for the top 1-2% of students when those students truly outperform their peers.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The entire range of grades should be utilized as appropriate, including grades at the lower end of the distribution.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A reasonable distribution of grades within a given allowed range is also expected.&nbsp; For example, in the \u201cA- or above\u201d distribution range, there should be a relatively equal distribution across A and A- grades.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>All faculty are expected to conform to the grading distribution.&nbsp; The Associate Dean of the relevant program, the relevant Area Chair, and the Executive Committee will review adherence to these guidelines.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>These grading guidelines are subject to review and change by the Dean\u2019s Office and Faculty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:28px\"><strong>Incompletes\u00a0and Special Grades<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>I = Incomplete: An Incomplete should be assigned when a particular student has already completed the majority (typically 70% or more) of the course, but is not able to complete the remaining coursework by the deadline set for the entire class. The quality of the completed work must be of at least C- quality or better. This includes instances when a faculty member may approve delaying a final project or paper, or when an instructor may allow a later final exam. This also includes instances where the student provides documentation (medical or other) of the reason for the incomplete. The \u2018I\u2019 denotes a justified agreement between instructor and student to complete the course outside of the scheduled calendar window.&nbsp; A notation of \u2018I\u2019 has no impact on a student\u2019s GPA. Notations of \u2018I\u2019 must be resolved and corrected within the first six weeks of the next full term of enrollment (Fall, Winter or Spring\/Summer). If the grades are not corrected by the end of the sixth week of the next full term of enrollment, they are automatically lapsed to failures (ILE for graded courses and ILF for pass\/fail courses). These failing grades will stand unless the instructor allows the student to complete all requirements at a later time.&nbsp; Once the work is complete and evaluated, the \u2018I\u2019 will be replaced on the student\u2019s record with the final grade. Once an \u2018I\u2019 has lapsed to failure or a final grade is submitted, then the corresponding grade (ILF, B, etc.) will be counted in a student\u2019s GPA.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>NR = No Grade Reported: NR should be assigned when one of the following scenarios occur:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>1. Student never attended class<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2. Pending Community Values Committee (CVC) investigation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If not replaced by a passing grade, the NR&nbsp;will also lapse to ED&nbsp;(fail) by the end of the sixth week of the next full term of enrollment.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Y = Extended Course: Y should be for a course approved to extend beyond one term. This code is rarely applicable. Contact rossregistrarsoffice@umich.edu for more information. A notation of Y&nbsp;will lapse to ED&nbsp;one year after the end of the term, at which point it will be computed into academic standing as a failing grade.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-infobox kt-info-box343_fc8416-05\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap kt-blocks-info-box-media-align-left kt-info-halign-left\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-media-container\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-media kt-info-media-animate-none\"><div class=\"kadence-info-box-icon-container kt-info-icon-animate-none\"><div class=\"kadence-info-box-icon-inner-container\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fe_alertTriangle kt-info-svg-icon\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M10.29 3.86L1.82 18a2 2 0 0 0 1.71 3h16.94a2 2 0 0 0 1.71-3L13.71 3.86a2 2 0 0 0-3.42 0z\"\/><line x1=\"12\" y1=\"9\" x2=\"12\" y2=\"13\"\/><line x1=\"12\" y1=\"17\" x2=\"12\" y2=\"17\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"kt-infobox-textcontent\"><h3 class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rossweb.bus.umich.edu\/academics\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/11\/fall-2020\u2013-fall-2023-modified-grade-distribution-guidelines-bbas-3.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">FALL 2020\u2013FALL 2023 COVID-19 &#8211; Modified Grade Distribution Guidelines<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<style class=\"advgb-styles-renderer\">.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kt-info-box343_fc8416-05 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{max-width:unset;}.kt-info-box343_fc8416-05 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{border-top:1px solid var(--global-palette6, #718096);border-right:1px solid var(--global-palette6, #718096);border-bottom:1px solid var(--global-palette6, #718096);border-left:1px solid var(--global-palette6, #718096);border-top-left-radius:20px;border-top-right-radius:20px;border-bottom-right-radius:20px;border-bottom-left-radius:20px;background:var(--global-palette7, #EDF2F7);padding-top:24px;padding-right:24px;padding-bottom:24px;padding-left:24px;margin-bottom:20px;}.kt-info-box343_fc8416-05 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap:hover{background:#ffffff;}.kt-info-box343_fc8416-05 .kadence-info-box-icon-container .kt-info-svg-icon, .kt-info-box343_fc8416-05 .kt-info-svg-icon-flip, .kt-info-box343_fc8416-05 .kt-blocks-info-box-number{font-size:25px;}.kt-info-box343_fc8416-05 .kt-blocks-info-box-media{color:var(--global-palette9, #ffffff);background:var(--global-palette6, #718096);border-color:#eeeeee;border-radius:200px;overflow:hidden;border-top-width:1px;border-right-width:1px;border-bottom-width:1px;border-left-width:1px;padding-top:20px;padding-right:20px;padding-bottom:20px;padding-left:20px;margin-top:0px;margin-right:20px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0px;}.kt-info-box343_fc8416-05 .kt-blocks-info-box-media .kadence-info-box-image-intrisic img{border-radius:200px;}.kt-info-box343_fc8416-05 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap:hover .kt-blocks-info-box-media{color:#444444;background:#ffffff;border-color:#eeeeee;}.kt-info-box343_fc8416-05 .kt-infobox-textcontent h3.kt-blocks-info-box-title{padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;margin-top:5px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px;}.kt-info-box343_fc8416-05 .kt-infobox-textcontent .kt-blocks-info-box-text{color:#555555;}.kt-info-box343_fc8416-05 .kt-blocks-info-box-learnmore{background:transparent;border-color:#555555;border-width:0px 0px 0px 0px;padding-top:4px;padding-right:8px;padding-bottom:4px;padding-left:8px;margin-top:10px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px;}.kt-info-box343_fc8416-05 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap:hover .kt-blocks-info-box-learnmore,.kt-info-box343_fc8416-05 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap .kt-blocks-info-box-learnmore:focus{color:#ffffff;background:#444444;border-color:#444444;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-info-box343_fc8416-05 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{border-top:1px solid var(--global-palette6, #718096);border-right:1px solid var(--global-palette6, #718096);border-bottom:1px solid var(--global-palette6, #718096);border-left:1px solid var(--global-palette6, #718096);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-info-box343_fc8416-05 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{border-top:1px solid var(--global-palette6, #718096);border-right:1px solid var(--global-palette6, #718096);border-bottom:1px solid var(--global-palette6, #718096);border-left:1px solid var(--global-palette6, #718096);}}<\/style>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Grading System\u00a0 Grades are recorded by letter, but grade points are used to compute averages. Letter grades and the corresponding number of grade points for each hour of semester credit are as follows:&nbsp; Course Grading Distribution The Dean\u2019s Office and Faculty have set the following guidelines for grades issued in our undergraduate business classes. Current&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4818,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":12,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","advgb_blocks_editor_width":"","advgb_blocks_columns_visual_guide":"","_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kadence_starter_templates_imported_post":false,"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","ep_exclude_from_search":false,"footnotes":"","advanced-sidebar-menu\/link-title":"","advanced-sidebar-menu\/exclude-page":false},"categories":[61],"tags":[],"ep_post_type":[57],"class_list":["post-343","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","category-uncategorized","ep_post_type-page"],"acf":[],"taxonomy_info":{"category":[{"value":61,"label":"Uncategorized"}]},"featured_image_src_large":false,"author_info":{"display_name":"rossitcmsadmins","author_link":"https:\/\/rossweb.bus.umich.edu\/academics\/author\/rossitcmsadmins\/"},"comment_info":"","coauthors":[],"author_meta":{"author_link":"https:\/\/rossweb.bus.umich.edu\/academics\/author\/rossitcmsadmins\/","display_name":"rossitcmsadmins"},"relative_dates":{"created":"Posted 14 years ago","modified":"Updated 2 months ago"},"absolute_dates":{"created":"Posted on June 21, 2012","modified":"Updated on February 16, 2026"},"absolute_dates_time":{"created":"Posted on June 21, 2012 10:33 am","modified":"Updated on February 16, 2026 11:08 am"},"featured_img_caption":"","featured_img":false,"series_order":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rossweb.bus.umich.edu\/academics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/343","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rossweb.bus.umich.edu\/academics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rossweb.bus.umich.edu\/academics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rossweb.bus.umich.edu\/academics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4818"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rossweb.bus.umich.edu\/academics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=343"}],"version-history":[{"count":20,"href":"https:\/\/rossweb.bus.umich.edu\/academics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/343\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12141,"href":"https:\/\/rossweb.bus.umich.edu\/academics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/343\/revisions\/12141"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rossweb.bus.umich.edu\/academics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=343"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rossweb.bus.umich.edu\/academics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=343"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rossweb.bus.umich.edu\/academics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=343"},{"taxonomy":"ep_post_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rossweb.bus.umich.edu\/academics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ep_post_type?post=343"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}